We will let you know what we are doing once we know what we are doing
was the message from the Federal Reserve statement and Chair Powell’s press conference that followed.
The Fed, as widely expected did raise their short-term rate, known as the fed funds rate, by .25% to a range of 0.25% to 0.50%.
This was the first increase since 2018.
Along with the statement FOMC (Federal Open Market Committee) participants also released their Summary of Economic Projections.
This gave an indication of where the committee members view economic indicators going forward.
FOMC Summary of Economic Projections
There are a few of the FOMC projections that we want to point out in the table below.
- The first is that the FOMC participants are now projecting U.S. GDP growth this year of 2.8% vs a projection of 4.0% at their December meeting.
The next is the higher inflation projection – which isn’t a surprise that they increased it. However, we want to point it out because it is key to the discussion below, and the last is the increase in the fed funds rate projection.
This projection represents where the committee members project the fed funds rate to be at the end of 2022, which currently stands at 1.9% vs 0.9% at the recent December meeting.
The first of these is the revised down U.S. GDP projection, as Chair Powell pointed out 2.8% is still a solid GDP projection.
To put it in perspective – real GDP growth averaged 2.25% from 2010. After the Great Financial Crisis, through 2019, before the start of widespread Covid-lockdowns wreaked havoc on economies.
- The second is the fed fund rate projection. The FOMC is now projecting a .25% increase across the remaining 7 meetings reaching 1.9% by yearend.
Comparing this to the last cycle when the Fed raised rates starting in December 2015 it took two and a half years to get to the 1.9% range.
This pace is in line with the previous cycle in 2004.
Using these projections means that the real fed funds rate is a negative 2.4%.
Said another way the fed is not raising rates as fast as inflation is rising – or the ‘fed is behind the inflation curve’.
This strategy is good for borrowers – and bad for savers.
And remember that the U.S. government is a big borrower and in our post, March 4, 2021 “Central Banks Will Still Do “Whatever It Takes”! we discussed the Fed and highly indebted governments want and need inflation to ‘grow’ their way out of debt.
The Fed Is Stuck Between a Rock and a Hard Place
And with PCE inflation coming in at 6.6% in January. This was before the rise in commodity prices and additional supply constraints and issues due to the war were even a factor.
This was compounded by the rise in wages that has still not peaked we think that the 4.3% projection for this year is low.
The Fed is still between a rock and a hard place. It is only getting tighter for them to maneuver.
The geopolitical uncertainty not only with the invasion of Ukraine by Russia but now with China. Also, the increased push for de-dollarization after sanctions are all adding to an already uncertain outlook.
Then on top of that, there is the LME not only halting trading on nickel after the price surged on March 7, but also canceling contracts.
And the reopening of trading on March 16 did not go smoothly – although this is not a direct impact on the Fed. Lost trust in market infrastructures is certainly a factor for them to consider.
Remember when markets lost trust in counterparties in 2008-09 – the Fed (and other central banks) stepped in with massive asset purchases to stabilize markets.
Those asset purchases continued until 2014 – and then started again on an even grander scale in 2020 and have now expanded the Fed’s balance sheet to around US$9 trillion. In respect to the balance sheet, the March 16 Fed statement said,
“the Committee expects to begin reducing its holdings of Treasury securities and agency debt and agency mortgage-backed securities at a coming meeting”
and Chair Powell only elaborated on this plan in the press conference saying,
“it will look familiar but at a faster pace”.
What the pace of reduction remains to be seen – but knowing that the Fed is hesitant to disrupt markets when reducing its balance sheet, it can’t ‘sell’ assets very quickly.
By buying these assets the Fed has already disrupted the market and changed/removed pricing and risk mechanisms.
Markets don’t believe the Fed’s projections
When the statement and economic projections were first released markets reacted to the tighter policy as expected – i.e. U.S. equities declined, the gold price declined, and the U.S. 10-year yield rose.
However, by the time that Chair Powell’s press conference was over, all this reversed as markets digested the information that the Fed has no idea what comes next and is not seriously going to raise rates past the rate of inflation – keeping real interest rates negative and policy somewhat accommodative for now.
Which is positive for gold and silver investors.
From The Trading Desk
Market Update:
US Federal Reserve raised interest rates for the first time since 2018, with a 25bp rate hike yesterday.
The Fed is projecting six more rate rises this year with one Fed committee member, the St Louis Fed President James Bullard, who pushed for a larger half-percentage-point increase this month.
However, raising rates too quickly threatens to push the US into recession.
This week, CNBC’s Fed Survey – which gauges the opinions of fund managers, strategists and economists – put the probability of recession in the US at 33% in the next 12 months, up 10 percentage points from the 1 February survey.
The latest survey put the chance of a recession in Europe at 50%.
In a statement, the Fed said economic indicators and employment figures had “continued to strengthen”, but noted that inflation remained elevated and the invasion of Ukraine was not only “causing tremendous human and economic hardship” but was “likely to create additional upward pressure on inflation and weigh on economic activity” in the US.
The Bank Of England meets later today too, which if rates rise again would be their third straight 25bp rate hike.
The Gold price has stayed firmly above $1,900, settling at $1,940 this morning after its recent move up last week within reach of all-time highs of 2020.
Gold has sold off somewhat along with other commodities (Oil, wheat, etc) this week but is still holding on the back of higher US Treasuries and a stronger USD.
Stock Update
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GOLD PRICES (USD, GBP & EUR – AM/ PM LBMA Fix)
16-03-2022 1918.75 1913.20 1468.42 1460.15 1744.53 1736.42
15-03-2022 1928.75 1913.65 1479.16 1464.13 1754.01 1742.19
14-03-2022 1961.60 1954.05 1503.96 1496.02 1788.19 1782.48
11-03-2022 1991.45 1978.70 1521.27 1512.72 1813.22 1803.19
10-03-2022 1997.65 1996.60 1518.61 1520.41 1810.27 1812.51
09-03-2022 2017.15 1988.90 1531.02 1510.77 1835.40 1802.94
08-03-2022 2007.00 2039.05 1528.73 1553.35 1845.64 1870.22
07-03-2022 1999.25 1980.95 1520.63 1505.52 1849.31 1818.91
04-03-2022 1943.80 1945.30 1460.18 1472.40 1764.97 1783.26
03-03-2022 1935.40 1929.60 1446.91 1443.34 1745.92 1741.08
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